Umoja (OO-MO-JAH) Unity
- stresses the importance of togetherness for the family and the community, which 
is reflected in the African saying, "I am We," or "I am because We are."

Kujichagulia (KOO-GEE-CHA-GOO-LEE-YAH)
 Self-Determination requires that we define our common interests and make decisions 
that are in the best interest of our family and community.

Ujima  (OO-GEE-MAH)
Collective Work and Responsibility reminds us of our obligation to the past, present 
and future, and that we have a role to play in the community, society, and world.

Ujamaa  (OO-JAH-MAH)  
Cooperative economics emphasizes our collective economic strength and 
encourages us to meet common needs through mutual support.

Nia (NEE-YAH) Purpose
encourages us to look within ourselves and to set personal goals 
that are beneficial to the community.

Kuumba (KOO-OOM-BAH) Creativity
makes use of our creative energies to build and maintain a strong and vibrant community. 

Imani (EE-MAH-NEE) Faith  
focuses on honoring the best of our traditions, draws upon the best in ourselves, 
and helps us strive for a higher level of life for humankind, by affirming our self-worth 
and confidence in our ability to succeed and triumph in righteous struggle.

CELEBRATING KWANZAA

As it is always better to get an early start, begin the first week in December by making a check list for the following items: A Kinara (candle holder); Mkeka (placemat preferably made of straw); Mazao (crops, i.e., fruits and vegetables); Vibunzi (ears of corn to reflect the number of children in the household); Kikombe cha umoja (communal unity cup); Mishumaa saba (seven candles, one black, three red, and three green); and Zawadi (gifts that are enriching).

It is important that the Kinara not be confused with the menorah. The Kinara holds seven candles to reflect the seven principles which are the foundation of Kwanzaa, while the menorah is a Jewish religious symbol that holds nine candles. If you don't have a Kinara and don't know where to get one, it is suggested that you use "kuumba" (creativity) and make one. A 2x4 or a piece of driftwood will do just fine, and screw-in candle holders can be purchased in most hardware stores. The Mkeka (place mat) shouldn't present a problem. While straw is suggested because it is traditional, cloth makes an adequate substitute. If cloth is used, one with an African print is preferred. The other symbols are easy to come by and warrant no further discussion other than to caution against placing the Mazao (crops)in a cornucopia which is Western. A plain straw basket or a bowl will do just fine. One last note, even households without any children should place an ear of corn on the place mat to symbolize the African concept of social parenthood. All seven symbols are creatively placed on top of the place mat, i.e., the symbols should be attractively arranged as they form the Kwanzaa centerpiece. 

DECORATING THE HOME

The Kinara, along with the other symbols of Kwanzaa, should dominate the room, which should be given an African motif. This is easily achieved and shouldn't result in too much expense. 

The colors of Kwanzaa are black, red and green. This should be kept in mind when decorating the home. Black, red and green streamers, balloons, cloth, flowers, and African prints can be hung tastefully around the room. Original art and sculpture may be displayed as well.

GIFTS

Kuumba (creativity) is greatly encouraged. Not only is Kuumba one of the seven principles, it also brings a sense of personal satisfaction and puts one squarely into the spirit of Kwanzaa.  Therefore, those symbols that can be made, should be made. The giving of gifts during Kwanzaa should be affordable and of an educational or artistic nature.  Gifts are usually exchanged between parents and children and traditionally given on January 1st, the last day of Kwanzaa.  However, gift giving during Kwanzaa may occur at any time.

THE KWANZAA FEAST OR KARAMU 
 
The Kwanzaa Karumu is traditionally held on December 31st (participants celebrating New Year's Eve, should plan their Karamu early in the evening).  It is a very special event as it is the one Kwanzaa event that brings us closer to African roots.  The Karamu is a communal and cooperative effort.  Ceremonies and cultural expressions are highly encouraged.  It is important to decorate the place where the Karamu will be held, (e.g., home, community center, church) in an African motif that utilizes black, red, and green color scheme.  A large Kwanzaa setting should dominate the room where the karamu will take place.  A large Mkeka should be placed in the center of the floor where the food should be placed creatively and made accessible to all for self-service.  Prior to and during the feast, an informative and entertaining program should be presented.  Traditionally, the program involved welcoming, remembering, reassessment, recommitment and rejoicing, concluded by a farewell statement and a call for greater unity.

     Below is a suggested format for the Karamu program:

       Kukaribisha (Welcoming)
           Introductory Remarks and Recognition of Distinguished Guests and All Elders.
        Cultural Expression - Songs, Music, Group Dancing, Poetry, Performances, Unity Circles)

     Kuumba (Remembering)
        Reflections of a Man, Woman and Child.
        Cultural Expression

     Kuchunguza Tena Na Kutoa Ahadi Tena
(Reassessment and Recommitment)
        Introduction of Distinguished Guest Lecturer
and Short Talk.

     Kushangilla (Rejoicing)

Tamshi la Tambiko (Libation Statement)

Learn more about Kwanzaa:

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